云开发 Octopress 博客部署

前几天利用博客尝试了下腾讯云新出的静态网站托管，写了一个总结，收到反馈问问能不能再写一个Octopress的，结果今天就又收到域名备案站的提醒，要完善和整改一些信息，那就干脆尝试用 Octopress 从零搭建一个简单的站点。

使用 Octopress 搭建静态站点

Octopress 介绍

Octopress is a blogging framework for hackers。

• 官方网站： http://octopress.org/

搭建 Octopress 本地环境

参考官网的指引 http://octopress.org/docs/setup/ 搭建 Octopress 本地环境

➜ github git clone https://github.com/imathis/octopress.git www.bihe0832.com

Cloning into 'www.bihe0832.com'...

remote: Enumerating objects: 1, done.

remote: Counting objects: 100% (1/1), done.

remote: Total 10801 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0), pack-reused 10800

Receiving objects: 100% (10801/10801), 2.63 MiB | 1.08 MiB/s, done.

Resolving deltas: 100% (5578/5578), done.

➜ github cd www.bihe0832.com

➜ www.bihe0832.com git:(master) gem install bundler

Fetching bundler-2.1.4.gem

bundler's executable "bundle" conflicts with /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/bin/bundle

Overwrite the executable? [yN] y

bundler's executable "bundler" conflicts with /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/bin/bundler

Overwrite the executable? [yN] y

Successfully installed bundler-2.1.4

Parsing documentation for bundler-2.1.4

Installing ri documentation for bundler-2.1.4

Done installing documentation for bundler after 2 seconds

1 gem installed

➜ www.bihe0832.com git:(master) rbenv rehash

zsh: command not found: rbenv

➜ www.bihe0832.com git:(master) brew install rbenv

Updating Homebrew...

==> Auto-updated Homebrew!

Updated 1 tap (homebrew/core).

==> Updated Formulae

stellar-core

...........

==> ruby-build

ruby-build installs a non-Homebrew OpenSSL for each Ruby version installed and these are never upgraded.

➜ www.bihe0832.com git:(master) rbenv rehash ➜ www.bihe0832.com git:(master) bundle install

Fetching gem metadata from https://rubygems.org/...........

Fetching gem metadata from https://rubygems.org/.

Resolving dependencies...

...........

Bundle complete! 13 Gemfile dependencies, 52 gems now installed.

Use bundle info [gemname] to see where a bundled gem is installed.

➜ www.bihe0832.com git:(master) bundle exec

bundler: exec needs a command to run

➜ www.bihe0832.com git:(master) bundle exec rake install

Copying classic theme into ./source and ./sass

mkdir -p source

cp -r .themes/classic/source/. source

mkdir -p sass

cp -r .themes/classic/sass/. sass

mkdir -p source/_posts

mkdir -p public

至此我们就完成了 Octopress 环境的搭建，和站点的初始化，下一步就是修改配置，添加内容

创建静态站点、修改配置、添加内容

这部分内容可以参考官网提供的「Configuring Octopress http://octopress.org/docs/configuring/」来根据配置自定义你的站点风格。我重点修改了 _config.yml 添加一些自定义配置。

在搭建好静态站点以后，就可以在source/_posts添加你的文章了，我选择了直接迁移过来两篇自己的文章。

编译构建

在项目根目录直接命令行运行 rake generate 即可查看构建结果

➜ www.bihe0832.com git:(master) ✗ rake generate

rake aborted!

Gem::LoadError: You have already activated rake 12.3.2, but your Gemfile requires rake 10.5.0. Prepending bundle exec to your command may solve this.

/usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/bundler-2.1.4/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:312:in `check_for_activated_spec!'

/usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/bundler-2.1.4/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:31:in `block in setup'

/usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/bundler-2.1.4/lib/bundler/spec_set.rb:147:in `each'

/usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/bundler-2.1.4/lib/bundler/spec_set.rb:147:in `each'

/usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/bundler-2.1.4/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:26:in `map'

/usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/bundler-2.1.4/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:26:in `setup'

/usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/bundler-2.1.4/lib/bundler.rb:149:in `setup'

/usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/bundler-2.1.4/lib/bundler/setup.rb:10:in `block in <top (required)>'

/usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/bundler-2.1.4/lib/bundler/ui/shell.rb:136:in `with_level'

/usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/bundler-2.1.4/lib/bundler/ui/shell.rb:88:in `silence'

/usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/bundler-2.1.4/lib/bundler/setup.rb:10:in `<top (required)>'

/github/www.bihe0832.com/Rakefile:2:in `<top (required)>'

(See full trace by running task with --trace)

➜ www.bihe0832.com git:(master) ✗ bundle exec rake generate

Generating Site with Jekyll

write source/stylesheets/screen.css

Configuration file: /github/www.bihe0832.com/_config.yml

Source: source

Destination: public

Generating...

done.

Auto-regeneration: disabled. Use --watch to enable.

如果构建没有报错，你就可以选择将构建结果 public 部署到你的服务器。如果想在本地查看效果，在项目根目录直接命令行运行 rake preview 即可

➜ www.bihe0832.com git:(master) ✗ bundle exec rake preview

Starting to watch source with Jekyll and Compass. Starting Rack on port 4000

[2020-04-13 16:30:18] INFO WEBrick 1.4.2

[2020-04-13 16:30:18] INFO ruby 2.6.2 (2019-03-13) [x86_64-darwin18]

[2020-04-13 16:30:18] INFO WEBrick::HTTPServer#start: pid=75677 port=4000

&& Compass is watching for changes. Press Ctrl-C to Stop.

Configuration file: /github/www.bihe0832.com/_config.yml

Source: source

Destination: public

Generating...

done.

Auto-regeneration: enabled for 'source'

write public/stylesheets/screen.css

::1 - - [13/Apr/2020:16:30:22 +0800] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 16703 0.0151

然后在浏览器打开 http://localhost:4000/ 即可查看效果

将静态站点使用腾讯云静态网站托管

创建静态网站托管服务

1. 创建腾讯云云开发环境

打开腾讯云「云开发 https://console.cloud.tencent.com/tcb/env/index」 服务的页面。如下图，点击新建环境，然后在弹框中输入你自定义的环境名称，选择付费模式，然后点击下方的「立即开通」。

之后就进入了环境的初始化阶段，初始化比较久。一般需要 1 分钟左右，当初始化结束，点击对应的 tab 就进入了 环境总览界面，可以看到具体的资源等信息。

1. 初始化静态网站托管服务

点击进入「静态网站托管 https://console.cloud.tencent.com/tcb/hosting」 服务的页面。如下图，选择之前创建的开发环境，然后点击「开始使用」初始化环境。静态网站服初始化一般需要约 3 分钟

将静态页面部署到托管服务

你阔以直接选择将构建好的静态页面上传到托管服务，但是考虑到博客的更新频率，还是选择使用官方提供的工具来上传。首先使用npm 下载并安装官方上传工具cloudbase

➜ _posts git:(master) ✗ npm install -g @cloudbase/cli

npm WARN deprecated request@2.88.2: request has been deprecated, see https://github.com/request/request/issues/3142

/usr/local/bin/tcb -> /usr/local/lib/node_modules/@cloudbase/cli/bin/tcb.js

/usr/local/bin/cloudbase -> /usr/local/lib/node_modules/@cloudbase/cli/bin/cloudbase.js

npm WARN ws@7.2.3 requires a peer of bufferutil@^4.0.1 but none is installed. You must install peer dependencies yourself.

npm WARN ws@7.2.3 requires a peer of utf-8-validate@^5.0.2 but none is installed. You must install peer dependencies yourself.

• @cloudbase/cli@0.6.6

added 383 packages from 325 contributors in 26.045s

然后使用cloudbase命令获取CLI授权，输入命令，然后再弹出的页面中点击「确认授权」

➜ blog git:(master) ✗ tcb login

✔ 已打开云开发 CLI 授权页面，请在云开发 CLI 授权页面同意授权

✖ 未知错误：请求超时，请检查你的网络，如果终端无法直接访问公网，请设置终端 HTTP 请求代理！

请检查你的网络，尝试重新运行 cloudbase login 命令！

如果遇到上面的错误，一般是因为网络限制，需要添加 http 代理，可以参照文章 「iMac（OS X）日常开发中各种代理设置方法汇总（shell、Android Studio、gem、npm） https://blog.bihe0832.com/proxy.html」设置 shell 代理即可。设置代理后重试：

➜ _posts git:(master) ✗ tcb login

✔ 已打开云开发 CLI 授权页面，请在云开发 CLI 授权页面同意授权

✔ 登录成功！

? 是否同意 Cloudbase CLI 收集您的使用数据以改进产品？ Yes

可使用下面命令继续操作：

– 创建免费环境

$ cloudbase env:create envName

– 初始化云开发项目

$ cloudbase init

– 部署云函数

$ cloudbase functions:deploy

– 查看命令使用介绍

$ cloudbase -h

Tips：可以使用简写命令 tcb 代替 cloudbase

使用 hosting 命令 将本地已经编译的静态文件部署到托管服务（例如部署我的博客的 public ），命令行中-e 后面的环境ID就是首页生成的环境ID，一般腾讯云会在我们的自定义名称后面加一个后缀。由于博客的内容比较大、加上网络代理，发现有时候会失败，重试即可。

➜ www.bihe0832.com git:(master) ✗ bundle exec rake generate

Generating Site with Jekyll

write source/stylesheets/screen.css

Configuration file: /github/www.bihe0832.com/_config.yml

Source: source

Destination: public

Generating...

done.

Auto-regeneration: disabled. Use --watch to enable.

➜ www.bihe0832.com git:(master) ✗ tcb hosting:deploy ./public/ -e blog-www-173dc4

FetchError: request to https://tcb-admin.tencentcloudapi.com/admin failed, reason: connect ECONNRESET 127.0.0.1:12639

at ClientRequest.<anonymous> (/usr/local/lib/node_modules/@cloudbase/cli/node_modules/node-fetch/lib/index.js:1455:11)

at ClientRequest.emit (events.js:205:15)

at ClientRequest.EventEmitter.emit (domain.js:471:20)

at onerror (/usr/local/lib/node_modules/@cloudbase/cli/node_modules/agent-base/index.js:101:9)

at callbackError (/usr/local/lib/node_modules/@cloudbase/cli/node_modules/agent-base/index.js:123:5)

at processTicksAndRejections (internal/process/task_queues.js:89:5)

✖ request to https://tcb-admin.tencentcloudapi.com/admin failed, reason: connect ECONNRESET 127.0.0.1:12639

➜ www.bihe0832.com git:(master) ✗ tcb hosting:deploy ./public/ -e blog-www-173dc4

文件传输中 [==================================================] 100% 0.0s

✔ 文件共计 65 个

✔ 文件上传成功 65 个

✖ 文件上传失败 0 个

如果调试通了，也阔以一个命令直接完成编译到部署：

➜ www.bihe0832.com git:(master) ✗ bundle exec rake generate && tcb login && tcb hosting:deploy ./public/ -e blog-www-173dc4

Configuration file: /github/www.bihe0832.com/_config.yml

Source: source

Destination: public

Generating...

done.

Auto-regeneration: disabled. Use --watch to enable.

✔ 您已登录，无需再次登录！

文件传输中 [==================================================] 100% 0.0s

✔ 文件共计 65 个

✔ 文件上传成功 65 个

✖ 文件上传失败 0 个

管理静态页面及修改设置

上传结束以后，在静态页面托管的「文件管理」页面可以对我们上传的内容进行调整，在「设置」页面可以添加域名、错误页面等信息，同时也给出了腾讯云提供的默认域名。如果你有自己的域名，你也可以添加自己的域名解析，例如下面我修改为使用我自己的域名，并设置了自定义的索引页和404页面：

访问静态页面

在浏览器输入讯云提供的默认域名 https://blog-www-173dc4.tcloudbaseapp.com/即可打开部署好的静态服务，由于默认资源免费的，腾讯云对下载速度做了限速，因此打开速度会很慢。